anxiety - cross-cultural analysis

Chinese Word	Pinyin	Meaning	Literal Translation	Usage
焦虑	jiāo lǜ	Anxiety	Burning worry	General term for feeling anxious or uneasy.
不安	bù ān	Unease; restlessness	Not peaceful	Describes a general sense of unease or discomfort.
担忧	dān yōu	Worry; concern	Carrying worry	Indicates deep concern or preoccupation with external problems.
紧张	jǐn zhāng	Nervous; tense	Tight tension	Refers to nervousness about specific situations, like exams or interviews.
忧虑	yōu lǜ	Worry; anxiety	Concerned worry	More formal term often used in written or formal contexts.
恐慌	kǒng huāng	Panic	Fear and panic	Anxiety heightened by fear, associated with overwhelming situations.
烦躁	fán zào	Agitation; restlessness	Annoyed restlessness	Describes irritability or unease caused by frustration or impatience.
心慌	xīn huāng	Heart palpitations; nervousness	Heart flustered	Refers to physical sensations of anxiety, like a racing heart.
忧心忡忡	yōu xīn chōng chōng	Deeply worried	Heart filled with worry	Poetic or literary expression for persistent worry.